PFAS stands for per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, a group of thousands of man-made chemicals with properties that resist grease, oil, water, and heat. They’re often called “forever chemicals” because they don’t break down naturally in the environment. PFAS are used in various products like stain-resistant fabrics, cleaning products, and non-stick cookware. Link to https://www.epa.gov/pfas/pfas-explained
United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) issued a mandate for public water systems to remove PFAS in drinking water, specifically PFOS. USEPA is concerned about 6 compounds. In 2013, IHWW tested for PFAS and had no detections. Lab analysis at the time was only able to test parts per billion (ppb) level. In 2020, IHWW tested again for the same 6 PFAS compounds per OEPA. IHWW had a detection of PFOS at 12-14 parts per trillion (ppt), but USEPA action level for PFOS was 70 ppt. IHWW performed several rounds of follow-up testing in years to follow. In 2023-2024, the Village performed an engineering study to explore the best way to remove PFOS. In April 2024, USEPA set Maximum Contaminant Levels for PFOS at 4 ppt with a five-year compliance date.